Journal: eLife
Article Title: Contingency and chance erase necessity in the experimental evolution of ancestral proteins
doi: 10.7554/eLife.67336
Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Protein binding specificities of extant BCL-2 family members. Human MCL-1 (hsMCL-1, purple) strongly binds BID (blue) and NOXA (red), while human BCL-2 (hsBCL-2, green) strongly binds BID but not NOXA. ( B ) Crystal structures of MCL-1 (purple) bound to NOXA (red, PDB 2nla), and BCL-xL (green, a closely related paralog of BCL-2) bound to BID (blue, PDB 4qve). ( C ) Reduced maximum likelihood phylogeny of BCL-2 family proteins. Purple bar, MCL-1 class; green bar, BCL-2 class. The phylogeny was rooted using as outgroups the paralogs BOX, BAK, and BAX (black bar). Heatmaps indicate BID (blue) and NOXA (red) binding measured using the luciferase assay. Each shaded box shows the normalized mean of three biological replicates. Red dotted lines, interval during which NOXA binding was lost, yielding BID specificity in the BCL-2 proteins of vertebrates (green box). Purple box, vertebrate MCL-1. Silhouettes, representative species in each terminal group. AncMB1-M and -B are alternative reconstructions using different approaches to alignment ambiguity (see Materials and methods). For complete phylogeny, see .
Article Snippet: Peptide, recombinant protein , BID , GenScript , This Study , Human BID peptide used for fluorescence polarization (see Materials and methods).
Techniques: Protein Binding, Binding Assay, Luciferase